Glutose-45

Drug overview for GLUTOSE-45 (dextrose):

Generic name: dextrose (GLOO-kose)
Drug class: Dextrose, Oral Formulations
Therapeutic class: Endocrine

Dextrose is a carbohydrate caloric agent.

Dextrose injections are used as a source of calories and water for hydration. Dextrose and sodium chloride injections are used as a source of calories, sodium chloride, and water for hydration. 2.5-11.5%

Dextrose injections are administered by peripheral IV infusion to provide calories and water for hydration; these injections may be admixed with amino acids injections or other compatible IV fluids to provide parenteral nutrition. Hypertonic dextrose injections (concentration greater than 5%) are used to provide adequate calories in a minimal volume of water. 40-70% Dextrose injections are concentrated sources of calories which are admixed with amino acids injections or other compatible IV fluids and administered via central veins to provide parenteral nutrition.

50% Dextrose injections are frequently used in adults and children to restore blood glucose concentrations in the treatment of hypoglycemia resulting from insulin excess or other causes. 10-25% Dextrose injections are used in neonates and infants to restore blood glucose concentrations in the treatment of acute symptomatic hypoglycemia. Dextrose gel or chewable tablets are used orally for the management of hypoglycemia in conscious diabetics.

DRUG IMAGES

GLUTOSE-5 GEL

The following indications for GLUTOSE-45 (dextrose) have been approved by the FDA:

Indications:
None.

Professional Synonyms:
None.

The following dosing information is available for GLUTOSE-45 (dextrose):

Dosing
Administration
Dosing Information
Generic

Dosage of dextrose depends on the age, weight, clinical condition, and fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the patient. Dextrose may usually be administered IV to healthy individuals at a rate of 0.5 g/kg per hour without producing glycosuria; the maximum infusion rate should generally not exceed 0.8

g/kg per hour.

For the treatment of hypoglycemia resulting from insulin excess or other causes in adults and children, the usual dose is 20-50 mL of 50% dextrose injection administered slowly (e.g., 3 mL/minute) IV; repeated doses and supportive therapy may be required in severe cases. For the treatment of acute symptomatic hypoglycemia in neonates and infants, the usual dose is 2 mL/kg of 10-25% dextrose injection administered slowly IV; higher or repeated doses may be required in severe cases, and subsequent continuous IV infusion of 10-15% dextrose injection may be necessary to maintain sufficient blood glucose concentrations. When patients do not respond to or tolerate dextrose, the use of other drugs (e.g., glucagon, corticosteroids, epinephrine) should be considered.

For the management of hypoglycemia in conscious diabetics, 10-20 g of dextrose may be administered orally as a gel or chewable tablets; the dose may be repeated in 10-20 minutes if necessary. Self monitoring of blood glucose concentration may be useful in determining whether a repeat dose is necessary; some clinicians recommend that if hypoglycemic symptoms are still present and a blood glucose increase of at least 20 mg/dL is not achieved within 20 minutes after oral administration of dextrose, the patient should consider administration of a repeat dose. Each gram of the 40% (w/w) dextrose gel provides 400 mg of dextrose (i.e., 25 g of gel provides 10 g of dextrose).

For further information on chemistry and stability, pharmacology, uses, cautions, and dosage and administration of dextrose, specialized references and the manufacturers'; labeling should be consulted.

Dextrose injections are administered IV. Hypertonic dextrose solutions are preferably administered via an IV catheter placed into a large central vein. If hypertonic (10%) dextrose solutions are administered peripherally, a large arm vein should be used and, if possible, the injection site should be alternated daily.

Except in the emergency treatment of severe hypoglycemia, higher concentrations of dextrose injections (e.g., 20% and higher) should be administered via central veins and only after appropriate dilution. When used for the emergency treatment of hypoglycemia, hypertonic dextrose injections may be administered slowly via a peripheral vein. Concentrated dextrose gels and chewable dextrose tablets are administered orally in the management of acute symptomatic hypoglycemia.

No dosing information available.

No generic dosing information available.

The following precautions are available for GLUTOSE-45 (dextrose):

Pediatric
Pregnant
Lactation
Geriatric

No enhanced Pediatric Use information available for this drug.

Contraindicated

None

Severe Precaution

None

Management or Monitoring Precaution

None

No enhanced Pregnancy information available for this drug.

No enhanced Lactation information available for this drug.

No enhanced Geriatric Use information available for this drug.